2025 brings big changes for businesses: everything you need to know

The year 2025 brings significant legislative changes for companies in Romania. They concern invoicing systems, payroll, CAEN classification, accounting and new taxes. It is essential that all companies are informed and prepared to avoid penalties.

1. Changes to e-Invoice

From January 1, 2025, the e-Invoice system becomes mandatory for several types of transactions:

• Invoices to public institutions: These must include CPV (Classification of Products and Services) codes.
• B2B (business-to-business) invoices: All invoices issued in commercial relations between taxable persons in Romania for which the place of performance or delivery is in Romania (except for tax receipts), must be submitted via e-Factura, including simplified ones.
• B2C (business-to-consumer) invoices: e-invoices are also mandatory for deliveries of goods and services to individual customers.

Submission deadline: Maximum 5 calendar days from the date of invoice, regardless of the type of customer.

2. Minimum wage increase

As of January 1, 2025, the gross minimum wage per country will be 4,050 lei per month, applicable between the agriculture and food industry sectors. This amount refers exclusively to the basic wage, without bonuses or other allowances.

3. Updating the CAEN classification

The new CAEN classification, already legislated as of April 2024, requires changes in the articles of incorporation and registration certificates of the affected companies as of January 1, 2025.

4. Accounting changes

Legislative changes introduce strict rules on signing and filing financial statements:

• Who can sign: Only business executives, chief accountants or certified public accountants employed under law or service contracts.
  Deadlines for filing:
  -May 31 for corporations, national companies and other entities governed by Law No. 31/1990.
  -April 30 for NGOs and other legal entities.
  -If these dates fall on non-working days, the deadline is extended until the first following working day.

5. SAF-T reporting

The SAF-T (Standard Audit File for Tax) scheme is becoming an essential requirement for all companies from 2025, with three main types of returns:

-Monthly/quarterly 406 return: includes all accounting and tax transactions.
-Fixed Assets Statement: filed annually.
-Inventory Statement: File at the request of the ANAF.

The filing deadline differs:

-By the end of the month following the reporting period (for monthly declaration).
-Until balance sheet submission (for fixed assets).

6. Luxury tax

The luxury tax applies to individuals or legal entities (in the case of passenger cars) who own on December 31, 2023:

-Cars: With a value of more than 375,000 lei (approx. 75,000 euro).
-Real Estate: With a value of more than 2.5 million lei (approx. 500,000 euro).

The applicable rate is 0.3% of the amount exceeding these thresholds. The declaration must be filed by December 31, 2024 (in the case of cars), which is also the due date. For real estate, the deadline was 30.09.2024.

These legislative changes bring strict and complex requirements aimed at increasing tax transparency and bringing national practices in line with European standards. Firms must update their internal processes to comply with the new regulations and avoid penalties. Compliance with these regulations will be essential to avoid sanctions and ensure legal compliance.