The role of medical examinations upon hiring

In the dynamics of labor relations, there are certain procedures that both workers and employers often view as mere formalities to be checked off. Before even discussing medical examinations, we must clarify an essential aspect that employees and employers overlook: transparency regarding working conditions.

Any ethical working relationship begins with accurate and committed information. Medical examinations upon hiring and periodic medical examinations play an essential role in the professional life of employees and can be a warning sign regarding physical and mental health. Unfortunately, these medical examinations are sometimes ignored or treated superficially, and the effects will be felt in the long term.

According to the Labor Code, Article 17, paragraph (3), letter f), the employer is required to communicate to the future employee, before concluding the individual employment contract, information regarding the “specific risks of the job.” This information is not a vague discussion, but should be materialized by presenting the occupational risk identification sheet. This sheet allows the employee to assess whether they are willing and, subsequently, able to assume the risks of the position they want to occupy in the organization. Once they have been informed and have accepted, with full knowledge of the facts, a medical examination takes place.

Medical examinations should not be considered a stressful formality, but rather an employee’s right to a safe working environment. The question “Why am I being sent for another examination if I feel fine?” is answered by prevention. The medical examination upon hiring verifies whether the employee’s health is compatible with the risks they have just learned about, ensuring that the work will not harm them. On the other hand, we are not just talking about complying with a legal obligation, but about a mechanism for occupational safety and health, with a protective and preventive role.

Things to know before the check-up and hiring

• Are there chemical pollutants, dust, or noise at your workplace?
• Does the job involve physical exertion, working at heights, or in extreme temperatures?
• What are the ergonomic risks (e.g., working at a desk, sitting for long periods)?
• Does the position involve working beyond the established working hours?
• Does the job involve night shifts, demanding shifts, or a high level of stress?
• Could there be situations that require travel in the course of your work?
• What other aspects or risks specific to the activity should I be aware of?

To be noted by the employee

• The costs are fully covered by the employer.
• Confidentiality is guaranteed
• The employer only receives the aptitude form (Apt, Conditionally apt, Temporarily unfit, or Unfit).
• The examination focuses on the specific risks of the job, as communicated by the employer to the doctor via the risk assessment form.
• Obligation to attend the medical examination
The employer cannot legally allow a person to work without a valid medical certificate.

Key points for employers

From an employer’s perspective, organizing medical examinations may seem like a cost and an administrative headache. In reality, it is one of the smartest investments in human resources. A worker who is medically unfit for their job poses a huge risk. A driver with vision problems or a production operator with conditions that can cause dizziness can be a danger to their own safety and to the employer’s business.

•Ensuring legality and compliance
The employer has a legal obligation to ensure medical examinations upon hiring and periodically for all employees, in accordance with labor legislation and occupational safety regulations.
•Protecting health and safety at work
Medical examinations are designed to check whether employees are fit for their jobs, thereby preventing the risk of accidents at work or occupational illnesses.
•Reducing risks and costs for the company
By detecting health problems early, employers can prevent absenteeism, workplace accidents, and additional costs associated with sick leave or compensation.
• Social responsibility and positive image
Compliance with medical checks demonstrates social responsibility on the part of the employer and contributes to creating a positive image for the company.
•Prevention of labor disputes
If an employee suffers an accident or develops an occupational disease and has not undergone a medical examination, the employer may be held liable.

In conclusion, ensuring that employees undergo medical examinations is essential for employers and companies, as it ensures legal compliance, protects collective health, reduces risks and costs, and contributes to a responsible organizational culture.